See sum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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{
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"word": "some"
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"word": "sum"
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"word": "some"
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"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "zim"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
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}
],
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"word": "som"
},
{
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"word": "sum"
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{
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{
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "somme"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"word": "some"
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{
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"word": "sum"
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{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "some"
},
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{
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],
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"word": "summe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"word": "some"
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{
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{
"lang": "Scots",
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"word": "zim"
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{
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"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "zum"
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],
"word": "zome"
}
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"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sum"
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"expansion": "Old High German sum",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "sumr"
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"expansion": "Old Norse sumr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *sum, see also Old High German sum, Old Norse sumr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "sum",
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"tags": [
"masculine",
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]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
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"feminine",
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]
},
{
"form": "sum",
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{
"form": "sumne",
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},
{
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},
{
"form": "sum",
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{
"form": "sumes",
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"genitive",
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]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
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"feminine",
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
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"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
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"dative",
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]
},
{
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
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"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
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"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "pron",
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{
"categories": [],
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"english": "Some apples are red, some are green, some are yellow, and some are even white!",
"text": "Sume æpplas sindon rēade, and sume sindon grēne, and sume sindon ġeolwe, and sume sindon furþum hwīte!",
"translation": "Some apples are red, some are green, some are yellow, and some are even white!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Some quoth, \"It is he\"; some quoth, \"No, but is to him akin\". He quoth soothly, it is I.",
"roman": "Sume cwǣdon, Hē hyt is; sume cwǣdon, Nese, ac is him ġelīċ. Hē cwæþ sōðlīċe, iċ hit eom.",
"text": "\"Gospel of Saint John\", chapter 9, verse 9",
"translation": "Some quoth, \"It is he\"; some quoth, \"No, but is to him akin\". He quoth soothly, it is I.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"id": "en-sum-ang-pron-prRt0NGu",
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 25 30 23 22",
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"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
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"english": "A certain priest lead the people into the church.",
"text": "Sum prēost lǣdde þæt folc on þā ċiriċan.",
"translation": "A certain priest lead the people into the church.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Year 785 In this year there was a contentious synod in Chalk, and Archbishop Eanbright gave up a part of his bishopdom, and Higebright was chosen by King Offa, and Edgeferth was crowned king.",
"text": "The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\nAn. DCCLXXXV Hēr wæs ġeflitfullīċ seonoð æt Ċealchȳþe, and Ēanbriht arċebisċeop forlēt sumne dǣl his bisċeopdōmes, ⁊ frām Offan cinge Hiġebriht wæs ġecoren, ⁊ Eċġferð tō cininge ġehalgod.",
"translation": "Year 785 In this year there was a contentious synod in Chalk, and Archbishop Eanbright gave up a part of his bishopdom, and Higebright was chosen by King Offa, and Edgeferth was crowned king.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate a specific example of a thing: a, a certain"
],
"id": "en-sum-ang-pron-x9wh4qVn"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 25 30 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"english": "Some of the dogs dislike the rain.",
"text": "Ne līcaþ sumum þām hundum sē reġn.",
"translation": "Some of the dogs dislike the rain.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some of (with another pronoun or article)"
],
"id": "en-sum-ang-pron-SHSbyeLB"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 25 30 23 22",
"kind": "other",
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"english": "This man is not one of the thieves.",
"text": "Þēs wer nis þēofa sum.",
"translation": "This man is not one of the thieves.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one of (+ genitive)"
],
"id": "en-sum-ang-pron-Reavbmlj"
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"english": "She, one of four, walked across the desert.",
"text": "Hēo fēowera sumu ēode ofer þā westenne.",
"translation": "She, one of four, walked across the desert.",
"type": "example"
}
],
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],
"id": "en-sum-ang-pron-xlDgma6c"
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"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 23 entries",
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"word": "some"
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"word": "somme"
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"lang": "Scots",
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"word": "zim"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "zum"
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"word": "zome"
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{
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"3": "*sum"
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"name": "inh"
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{
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"expansion": "Old High German sum",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "sumr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sumr",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *sum, see also Old High German sum, Old Norse sumr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "sum",
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"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
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},
{
"form": "sum",
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"form": "sumne",
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{
"form": "sume",
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},
{
"form": "sumre",
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},
{
"form": "sumes",
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]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
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"singular"
]
},
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"form": "sumre",
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},
{
"form": "sumum",
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},
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"form": "suman",
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]
},
{
"form": "sume",
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},
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"form": "sumre",
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{
"form": "sume",
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{
"form": "sume",
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
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"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
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"form": "sumra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
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"instrumental",
"plural"
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}
],
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],
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"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "pron",
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"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
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"english": "Some apples are red, some are green, some are yellow, and some are even white!",
"text": "Sume æpplas sindon rēade, and sume sindon grēne, and sume sindon ġeolwe, and sume sindon furþum hwīte!",
"translation": "Some apples are red, some are green, some are yellow, and some are even white!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Some quoth, \"It is he\"; some quoth, \"No, but is to him akin\". He quoth soothly, it is I.",
"roman": "Sume cwǣdon, Hē hyt is; sume cwǣdon, Nese, ac is him ġelīċ. Hē cwæþ sōðlīċe, iċ hit eom.",
"text": "\"Gospel of Saint John\", chapter 9, verse 9",
"translation": "Some quoth, \"It is he\"; some quoth, \"No, but is to him akin\". He quoth soothly, it is I.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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"some"
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"english": "A certain priest lead the people into the church.",
"text": "Sum prēost lǣdde þæt folc on þā ċiriċan.",
"translation": "A certain priest lead the people into the church.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Year 785 In this year there was a contentious synod in Chalk, and Archbishop Eanbright gave up a part of his bishopdom, and Higebright was chosen by King Offa, and Edgeferth was crowned king.",
"text": "The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\nAn. DCCLXXXV Hēr wæs ġeflitfullīċ seonoð æt Ċealchȳþe, and Ēanbriht arċebisċeop forlēt sumne dǣl his bisċeopdōmes, ⁊ frām Offan cinge Hiġebriht wæs ġecoren, ⁊ Eċġferð tō cininge ġehalgod.",
"translation": "Year 785 In this year there was a contentious synod in Chalk, and Archbishop Eanbright gave up a part of his bishopdom, and Higebright was chosen by King Offa, and Edgeferth was crowned king.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate a specific example of a thing: a, a certain"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "Some of the dogs dislike the rain.",
"text": "Ne līcaþ sumum þām hundum sē reġn.",
"translation": "Some of the dogs dislike the rain.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some of (with another pronoun or article)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
22
]
],
"english": "This man is not one of the thieves.",
"text": "Þēs wer nis þēofa sum.",
"translation": "This man is not one of the thieves.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one of (+ genitive)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
5,
11
]
],
"english": "She, one of four, walked across the desert.",
"text": "Hēo fēowera sumu ēode ofer þā westenne.",
"translation": "She, one of four, walked across the desert.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one of a certain number of things (+ genitive of number)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sum meaning in Old English (8.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.